A Study to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children among third year B.Sc. nursing students in selected nursing colleges, Bangalore
Chaitra S.1, Jyothi K.2, Lingaraj L3*
1Lecturer, Kumuda Institute of Nursing Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
2Assistant Professor, Dept of Child Health Nursing, Kumuda Institute of Nursing Sciences,
Davangere, Karnataka, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: lingaraj40@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Play is not a waste of time. Nor it is just a way to keep young children busy or out of mischief, while parents take care of their own responsibilities. Instead, play is essential for the development of normal well-adjusted personality. It gives the child a chance to develop physically, emotionally, mentally, socially and morally in a way that no other single type of activity can. The child who has little chance to play is far less likely to become a well-adjusted adult than is the child who spends most of the day playing. Hence the focus of this study was to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module on Selection of age appropriate play materials for children among Third year B.Sc Nursing Students. Objectives: To assess the pre test knowledge level of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children. To assess the post test knowledge level of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children. To assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children. To determine the association between pre test knowledge of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children and selected demographic variables. Methods: A pre-experimental design with one group pre test post test design and evaluative approach was used in the study. The data was collected from 60 subjects, through simple random sampling technique A pre-experimental design with one group pre test post test design and evaluative approach was used in the study. The data was collected from 60 subjects, through simple random sampling technique at Quality health care college of Nursing Uttarahalli, Banglore. Data was collected using structured questionnaire. Results: The results of histry shows that majority76.7% of the 3rd Bsc nursing students had moderate knowledge and 23.3% of them had inadequate knowledge in the pre test. after administration of self-instructional module 41.7% of the subjects had moderate knowledge and 58.3% had adequate knowledge regarding selection of age-appropriate play materials for children in the post test. Conclusion: The study was to explore the knowledge level of 3rd year Bsc nursing students selection of age appropriate play materials for children. The structured questionnaire method is help to assess knowledge regarding selection of age-appropriate play materials.
KEYWORDS: Third year B.Sc Nursing Students; Selection of age appropriate play materials for children.
INTRODUCTION:
Play has an important role in the development of essential skills in a child. Engaging in play activities helps to nurture social and language skills. When a child engages in play activities at home, it helps to refine his listening and reasoning skills. There are many multi-sensory play activities that teach a child to understand and learn through touch, sight and sound. Outdoor games help to nurture and co-ordinate the physical and sensory-motor development of a child. Play helps children to polish arithmetic skills and to grasp the concepts of math at an early stage through play. Play not only helps the children to learn new skills, but also develop self-esteem. Play also develops a healthy and long-lasting relationship between a child and his parents and helps the parents to gain an insight into the thought process of their child.1
Play promotes cognitive development. Play leads to discovery, reasoning, manipulative skills, divergent production and improves problem solving. All sorts of learning, about information, about people (including self), and about customs, are embedded in play. Play is a vital activity that helps the brain development of young child and children practice many of the skills which they need in future as adults. Toys enhance cognitive behavior and stimulate creativity. They aid in the development of physical and mental skills which are necessary in later life. Not all toys are appropriate for all ages of children. Some of the toys which are marketed for a specific age range can even harm the development of children in that range.2
A study on “Play related injury” suggests that accidents during play is common among children, and in some cases causes severe injury and death. To tackle the problem of play-related deaths and injuries, a holistic approach is suggested. This includes the provision of a safe environment, supervision by parents, education of children and detailed data collection.3
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
Play is an essential factor in learning among children. With the advanced technology, a variety of play material is available in the market. But whether all play materials available are apt for the child is a question. The knowledge of appropriate play material while selecting a toy will not only facilitate growth and development but will also protect the child from injuries and accidents.4
A study conducted to know knowledge regarding selection of age-appropriate play materials for 3rd year Bsc nursing students. This study will provide a framework for the selection of age appropriate and safe play material and play area. Based on the above facts and findings and out of interest and motivation, the investigator has felt the need to undertake the study which will improve the knowledge of nursing students thereby they can teach the parents and family members to facilitate safe and effective child development.5
OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess the pre test knowledge level of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children.
2. To assess the post test knowledge level of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children.
3. To assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children.
4. To determine the association between pre test knowledge of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children and selected demographic variables.
HYPOTHESIS:
H1: There is a significant difference in the pre test and post test knowledge scores of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children.
H2: There is a significant association between the pre test knowledge of third year B.Sc Nursing Students regarding selection of age appropriate play materials for children and selected demographic variables.
METHODOLOGY:
Research Design: The research design selected for study was pre-experimental design.
Sampling technique: Simple random sampling technique.
Sample: Sample size was 60 students of 3rd year Bsc nursing.
Variables:
Study Variable: Knowledge regarding selection of age-appropriate play materials among 3rd year Bsc nursing students.
Demographic variables: age, gender, family income, type of the family, religion, exposure to educational programme and source of information regarding selection of age-appropriate play materials.
Setting:
The present study was conducted in Abhaya college of nursing Banglore and DR B R Ambedkar college of nursing Bangalore.
Data collection technique:
Section A: It deals with socio demographic characteristics which include: age, gender, family income, type of the family, religion, exposure to educational programme and source of information regarding selection of age-appropriate play materials.
Section B: Structured knowledge questionnaire was prepared to assess knowledge on selection of age-appropriate play materials.
RESULTS:
Section 1: Demographic Characteristics of third year B.Sc Nursing Students.
Table 1: Frequency and percentage distribution of selected demographic variables of 3rd year Bsc nursing students. n = 60
|
Sl. No. |
Variables |
Frequency |
% |
|
1. |
Student’s age |
||
|
a. 20 years |
6 |
10.0 |
|
|
b. 21 years |
45 |
75.0 |
|
|
c. 22 years and above |
9 |
15.0 |
|
|
2. |
Gender |
||
|
a. Male |
15 |
25.0 |
|
|
b. Female |
45 |
75.0 |
|
|
3. |
Religion |
||
|
a. Hindu |
41 |
68.3 |
|
|
b. Muslim |
3 |
5.0 |
|
|
c. Christian |
16 |
26.7 |
|
|
4. |
Family type |
||
|
a. Nuclear family |
47 |
78.3 |
|
|
b. b. Joint family |
13 |
21.7 |
|
|
5. |
Family income |
||
|
a. Less than Rs. 15000 |
7 |
11.7 |
|
|
b. RS.15001-25000 |
40 |
66.7 |
|
|
c. RS 25001 and above |
13 |
21.7 |
|
|
6. |
Participation educational programme |
||
|
a. Yes |
6 |
10.0 |
|
|
b. No |
54 |
90.0 |
|
Section 2: Knowledge level of third year b.sc nursing students regarding the selection of age-appropriate play materials for children.
Table 2: Pretest and post test knowledge level of the Third year B.Sc Nursing Students n = 60
|
Knowledge |
Pre test |
Post test |
||
|
Frequency |
% |
Frequency |
% |
|
|
Inadequate Knowledge |
14 |
23.3 |
0 |
0 |
|
Moderate Knowledge |
46 |
76.7 |
25 |
41.7 |
|
Adequate Knowledge |
0 |
0 |
35 |
58.3 |
|
Total |
60 |
100.0 |
60 |
100 |
Table 3: Analysis of pretest and post test knowledge scores of Third year B.Sc Nursing Students n = 60
|
Knowledge |
No. of Items |
Max Score |
Mean |
Mean % |
SD |
Mean |
Mean % |
SD |
|
General information |
6 |
6 |
3.15 |
52.5 |
1.102 |
4.23 |
70.5 |
1.212 |
|
Age-appropriate play materials |
10 |
10 |
5.82 |
58.2 |
1.524 |
7.73 |
77.3 |
1.494 |
|
Safety measures |
4 |
4 |
2.4 |
60 |
0.960 |
3.12 |
78 |
0.783 |
|
Role of parents |
10 |
10 |
6.1 |
61 |
1.684 |
7.93 |
79.3 |
1.517 |
|
Total |
30 |
30 |
17.47 |
58.23 |
4.131 |
23.02 |
76.73 |
3.912 |
Section 3: comparison of the knowledge level of Third year B.Sc Nursing Students
Table 4: Comparison of knowledge scores of third year B.Sc Nursing Students
|
Knowledge |
Mean |
S D |
Mean |
S D |
Mean difference |
t Value |
Df |
Inference |
|
General information |
3.15 |
1.102 |
4.23 |
1.212 |
1.083 |
6.772 |
59 |
S |
|
Age-appropriate play materials |
5.82 |
1.524 |
7.73 |
1.494 |
1.917 |
9.687 |
59 |
S |
|
Safety measures |
2.4 |
0.960 |
3.12 |
0.783 |
0.717 |
6.274 |
59 |
S |
|
Role of parents |
6.1 |
1.684 |
7.93 |
1.517 |
1.833 |
9.555 |
59 |
S |
|
Overall Knowledge |
17.47 |
4.131 |
23.02 |
3.912 |
5.55 |
10.978 |
59 |
S |
Section 4: Association between knowledge of third year B.Sc nursing students and the selected demographic variables
The selected demographical variables such as age, gender, religion, family type, family income, participation in educational programme, The total number of 3rd year Bsc nursing students having significant association with the knowledge scores regarding selection of age appropriate play materials at the probability level of P<0.05.
CONCLUSION:
· The findings of the study revealed that the 3rd year Bsc nursing students had moderate knowledge regarding selection of age-appropriate play materials. Data shows that majority 76.7% of the 3rd year Bsc nursing students had moderate knowledge, while 23.3% of them had inadequate knowledge.
· After administration of the self-instructional model 41.7% of them had moderate knowledge and remaining 58.3% had adequate knowledge regarding selection of age appropriste play materials for childrens in the post test.
· The overall mean pre test knowledge score obtained by the Third year B.Sc Nursing Students was 17.47 (58.23%) with standard deviation 4.131. The overall post test mean knowledge score obtained by the Third year B.Sc Nursing Students was 23.02 (76.73%) with standard deviation 3.912.
RECOMMENDATIONS:
The following recommendations were made based on the results of the study.
1. A similar study can be replicated on large sample to generalize the findings.
2. A similar study can be conducted different settings.
3. An experimental study can be conducted to assess the effectiveness of inservice education programme.
4. A true experimental Study can be conducted with self instructional module on knowledge.
5. A study can be conducted in nursing colleges.
6. A comparative study can be conducted to assess the knowledge of 3rd year Bsc nursing students.
REFERENCE:
1. Glassy D, Romano J. Selecting appropriate toys for young children: The pediatrician’s role. Pediatrics. April 2003; 111(4 Pt 1): 911-3.
2. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. Children at play: The death and injury pattern in New South Wales, Australia, July 1990 – June 1994. 2009 Sep; 15(5): 500-4.
3. Ginsburg KR. The importance of play in promoting healthy child development and maintaining strong parent child bonds. Pediatrics. Jan 2007; 119(1): 182-91.
4. Dona. L. Wongs. Essentials of Paediatric Nursing. 6th Edition; P105, 109.
5. Kothari CR. Research Methodology. Delhi: New age international (P) Limited; 2004; p.120-1.
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Received on 17.08.2024 Revised on 16.09.2024 Accepted on 08.10.2024 Published on 30.11.2024 Available online on December 31, 2024 A and V Pub Int. J. of Nursing and Med. Res. 2024; 3(4):187-190. DOI: 10.52711/ijnmr.2024.43 ©A and V Publications All right reserved
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